An air gap is a security isolation approach in which a system or network is separated from untrusted or internet-connected environments to reduce exposure. It matters because separation can sharply limit remote attack paths when applied correctly.
What is an Air Gap?
An air gap traditionally means physical isolation from other networks, especially the internet. In practice, the term is sometimes also used more loosely for strong logical separation that limits connectivity sharply. True air-gapped systems have no routine direct network path to outside systems.
Where Air Gaps Are Commonly Used
Common use cases include highly sensitive operational environments, critical systems, secure research, backup protection, and specialized industrial or defense contexts.
Air Gap vs. Network Segmentation
Network segmentation separates systems within connected environments. A true air gap is a much stronger separation with no normal network connectivity path.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why are air gaps valuable?
Because they can dramatically reduce remote access opportunities when a system truly has no direct path from untrusted networks.
Does an air gap guarantee security?
No. Physical media, insiders, maintenance workflows, and supply chain issues can still create risk.
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